Energy Trends & Charts

Historical data and visualizations tracking US electricity demand, generation, and the energy transition.

Total US Demand (2025)
4,100 TWh
↑ 2.1% YoY
Renewable Share
24%
↑ 3.2% YoY
Data Center Load
~4%
↑ 0.8% YoY
Avg. Retail Price
12.8¢/kWh
↑ 4.1% YoY

US Electricity Demand

Monthly total demand across all RTOs (TWh)
EIA Data

Generation Mix (2025)

US electricity generation by source

Renewable Capacity Growth

Annual additions by type (GW)

Demand by RTO

Current load share by region

Retail Price Trends

Average residential price (¢/kWh)

Data Center Power Demand Growth

Estimated US data center electricity consumption (TWh/year)
Projection

Key Insights

Data Centers Driving Growth

After 15 years of flat demand, US electricity consumption is growing again. NERC projects 224 GW of new summer peak demand over the next decade — a 69% jump, mostly from data centers. Data centers were 4-5% of US electricity in 2024; EPRI projects 9-17% by 2030. National average residential electricity hit $0.1802/kWh in 2026, up 36% since 2020.

Solar + Storage Dominates New Builds

Over 80% of new generation capacity in 2025 is solar or battery storage. Natural gas and wind are declining shares of new additions.

Regional Disparities Growing

ERCOT faces a potential 6.2% summer 2026 shortfall in severe scenarios. Dominion Virginia has 70,000 MW of DC requests in queue. MISO declared a "Reliability Imperative" in March 2026 — demand outrunning supply. The "power cliff" for data center growth is projected as early as 2027-2028.

Nuclear Renaissance Accelerating

Meta committed to 6.6 GW of nuclear by 2035 — largest corporate commitment in US history. Microsoft and Nvidia launched AI tools for nuclear permitting that cut workload 92%. Amazon backing 5 GW of X-energy SMRs by 2039. Google eyeing 9 GW more with NextEra.

Data sources: U.S. Energy Information Administration, International Energy Agency, RTO/ISO reports
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